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The Tibetan people are indigenous to Tibet and surrounding areas stretching from Central Asia in the West to Myanmar and China Proper in the East.
The Government of Tibet in Exile claims that the number of Tibetans has fallen from 6.3 million to 5.4 million since 1959, while the government of the People's Republic of China claims that the number of Tibetans has risen from 2.7 million to 5.4 million since 1954. The SIL Ethnologue documents an additional 125,000 Tibetan exiles living in India, 60,000 in Nepal, and 4,000 in Bhutan.
Tibetan exile groups estimate the death toll in Tibet since the invasion of the People's Liberation Army in 1950 to be 1,200,000. On the otherhand, official records provided by the Chinese government indicate a blossoming of ethnic-Tibetan population from 1.2 million in 1952, to 2.6 million by the end of 2000; much of this being supported by the improved quality of health and lifestyle of the average Tibetan since the beginning of democratic reforms under the Chinese governance resulting in an infant mortality rate of 35.3 per 1,000 in the year 2000, as compared to the 430 infant deaths per 1,000 in 1951, and an average life expectancy of 35 years in 1950's to over 65 years for the average Tibetan in the 2000's.